Signal to Noise Ratio Performance Analysis for Vibration Detection Using Phase Sensitive OTDR in Distributed Acoustic Sensing

Authors

  • Muhsin Muhsin Department of Electrical, Electronic and System Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4379-0065
  • Hafiz Zulhazmi Jabidin Dept.of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering,Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment,Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2363-3300
  • Ain Nabihah Mohammad Rihan Dept.of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering,Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment,Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Wan Muhammad Noor Haekal W Mamat Dept.of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering,Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment,Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8326-3611
  • Mohd Saiful Dzulkefly Zan Dept.of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering,Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment,Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53655/joe.y2300j

Keywords:

Optical time domain reflectometry, signal to noise ratio, distributed acoustic sensing

Abstract

Phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (Φ-OTDR) has emerged as a powerful technique for distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) in a wide range of applications, including perimeter security. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is a critical parameter in determining the sensitivity and reliability of vibration detection in these systems. In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of SNR performance in Φ-OTDR-based DAS systems. We investigate the influence of key system parameters such as optical pulse width, vibration frequencies and spatial resolution on the SNR value. A DAS setup is developed to evaluate how these parameters affect the backscattered signal and noise characteristics over pulse widths and vibration frequencies. Our results show that SNR increases exponentially with optical pulse widths, but it degrades the spatial resolution value. The findings provide practical insights into the phase information in the development of a more efficient and sensitive DAS system. This work contributes to the growing understanding of SNR limitations and enhancement strategies in distributed fiber optic sensing.

References

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Naeem, K., Kim, B. H., Yoon, D. J., & Kwon, I. B. (2021). Enhancing detection performance of the phase‐sensitive otdr based distributed vibration sensor using weighted singular value decomposition. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 11(4), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11041928

Wang, Z., Zhang, L., Wang, S., Xue, N., Peng, F., Fan, M., Sun, W., Qian, X., Rao, J., & Rao, Y. (2016). Coherent Φ-OTDR based on I/Q demodulation and homodyne detection. Optics Express, 24(2), 853. https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.24.000853

DAS Coherent Detection Setup

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Published

01-12-2025

How to Cite

Muhsin, M., Hafiz Zulhazmi Jabidin, Ain Nabihah Mohammad Rihan, Wan Muhammad Noor Haekal W Mamat, & Mohd Saiful Dzulkefly Zan. (2025). Signal to Noise Ratio Performance Analysis for Vibration Detection Using Phase Sensitive OTDR in Distributed Acoustic Sensing . Jurnal OptoElektronik, 1–3. https://doi.org/10.53655/joe.y2300j

Issue

Volume 4 (2025)

Section

TMP2025: Regular

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Muhsin Muhsin, Hafiz Zulhazmi Jabidin, Ain Nabihah Mohammad Rihan, Wan Muhammad Noor Haekal W Mamat, Mohd Saiful Dzulkefly Zan

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